AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA ligase is a DNA-joining enzyme. If two pieces of DNA have matching ends, ligase can link them to form a single, unbroken molecule of DNA. In DNA cloning, restriction enzymes and DNA ligase are used to insert genes and other pieces of DNA into plasmids.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA ligase is one of the most important, but least celebrated, enzymes used in modern biotechnology. This enzyme plays a very important role in DNA replication and repair by acting like a “glue” that can connect different DNA fragments to one another.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ligase, an enzyme that uses ATP to form bonds, is used in recombinant DNA cloning to join restriction endonuclease fragments that have annealed. The ligase commonly used is T4 DNA ligase, which was first isolated from E. coli that were infected with the lytic bacteriophage T4.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA ligase works by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond between nucleotides on one strand of a double stranded DNA molecule. DNA ligase is able to create a covalent linkage between the 5’ phosphate group of one chain with the adjacent 3’-OH group of another.

Detailed explanation-5: -This is accomplished by covalently connecting the sugar backbone of the two DNA fragments. This reaction, called ligation, is performed by the T4 DNA ligase enzyme. The DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of covalent phosphodiester linkages, which permanently join the nucleotides together.