AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Eye color is directly related to the amount of melanin in the front layers of the iris. People with brown eyes have a large amount of melanin in the iris, while people with blue eyes have much less of this pigment. A particular region on chromosome 15 plays a major role in eye color.

Detailed explanation-2: -One region of chromosome 15 contains two genes located near to each other that play major roles in determining eye color. One gene, called OCA2, codes for a protein called P protein, which is involved in melanosome maturation and affects the amount and quality of melanin stored in the iris.

Detailed explanation-3: -Eye color genes To date, eight genes have been identified which impact eye color. The OCA2 gene, located on chromosome 15, appears to play a major role in controlling the brown/blue color spectrum. OCA2 produces a protein called P-protein that is involved in the formation and processing of melanin.

Detailed explanation-4: -To have pigment, two genes need to work properly at the same time, HERC2 and OCA2, located on chromosome 15. Both affect the production of proteins that determine eye color by influencing melanin production and protein interactions.