THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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ribose sugar and a phosphate
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deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate
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ribose sugar and a deoxyphosphate
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glucose and a phosphate
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Detailed explanation-1: -A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). In RNA, the base uracil (U) takes the place of thymine.
Detailed explanation-2: -A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA).
Detailed explanation-3: -DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units called base pairs. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix.
Detailed explanation-4: -These chemical bonds act like rungs in a ladder and help hold the two strands of DNA together. There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases form specific pairs (A with T, and G with C).
Detailed explanation-5: -DNA comprises of three basic components: a pyrimidine or purine base, a sugar (2-deoxyribose), and a phosphate (eFig. 62.1).