AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gene mutations involving a change in one or a few nucleotides are known as point mutations because they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence. Point mutations include substitutions, insertions, and deletions.

Detailed explanation-3: -A genetic alteration caused by the substitution of a single nucleotide for another nucleotide. Also called point variant.

Detailed explanation-4: -All mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, which occur by way of random mistakes. While some mutations involve large sections of DNA, point mutations are changes in the genetic sequence that occur at a specific point along the DNA strand.

Detailed explanation-5: -Point mutation is a change in a single base pair of DNA by substitution, deletion, or insertion of a single nitrogenous base. An example of point mutation is sickle cell anaemia. It involves mutation in a single base pair in the beta-globin chain of haemoglobin pigment of the blood.