THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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serine codon
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tRNA codon
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start codon
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anticodon
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Detailed explanation-1: -The initiator tRNA molecule carrying the amino acid methionine binds to the AUG start codon of the mRNA transcript at the ribosome’s P site where it will become the first amino acid incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain.
Detailed explanation-2: -Methionine is specified by the codon AUG, which is also known as the start codon. Consequently, methionine is the first amino acid to dock in the ribosome during the synthesis of proteins.
Detailed explanation-3: -AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes. During protein synthesis, the tRNA recognizes the START codon AUG with the help of some initiation factors and starts translation of mRNA.
Detailed explanation-4: -ATG and AUG denote sequences of DNA and RNA respectively that are the start codon or initiation codon encoding the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and a modified Met (fMet) in prokaryotes.
Detailed explanation-5: -Initiator tRNAs (tRNAi), a special class of tRNAs, carry methionine (or its derivative, formyl-methionine) to ribosomes to start an enormously energy consuming but a highly regulated process of protein synthesis.