AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytokinesis is the process of physical cleavage at the end of cell division; it proceeds by ingression of an acto-myosin furrow at the equator of the cell. Its failure leads to multinucleated cells and is a possible cause of tumorigenesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first visible change of cytokinesis in an animal cell is the sudden appearance of a pucker, or cleavage furrow, on the cell surface. The furrow rapidly deepens and spreads around the cell until it completely divides the cell in two.

Detailed explanation-3: -To complete the cell cycle, the cleavage furrow draws the plasma membrane toward the cell center, pinching the cytoplasm into two lobes that are subsequently separated into two cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cell division ends with the physical separation of the two daughter cells, a process known as cytokinesis. This final event ensures that nuclear and cytoplasmic contents are accurately partitioned between the two nascent cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cleavage furrows are primarily found in animal cells and some algal cells. Plant cells, which have stiff, inflexible cell walls that cannot be easily bent or “pinched, ” use a cell plate instead.