THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It increases genetic variation by making more gametes.
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It increases genetic variation by creating new genetic combinations.
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It decreases genetic variation by creating genetically identical gametes.
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It decreases genetic variation by creating gametes that are not viable (able to function).
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Detailed explanation-1: -Crossing over is a cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up. When two chromosomes-one from the mother and one from the father-line up, parts of the chromosome can be switched. The two chromosomes contain the same genes, but may have different forms of the genes.
Detailed explanation-2: -During meiosis, homologous chromosomes (1 from each parent) pair along their lengths. The chromosomes cross over at points called chiasma. At each chiasma, the chromosomes break and rejoin, trading some of their genes. This recombination results in genetic variation.
Detailed explanation-3: -Crossing over is a process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic diversity. During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material.
Detailed explanation-4: -Meiosis increases the chances of genetic variation via the processes of genetic recombination and independent assortment of gametes through which new combinations of genetic information are formed and distributed randomly in the gametes.
Detailed explanation-5: -Crossing over is important for the normal segregation of chromosomes during meiosis. Crossing over also accounts for genetic variation, because due to the swapping of genetic material during crossing over, the chromatids held together by the centromere are no longer identical.