AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Codons are made up of any triplet combination of the four nitrogenous bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or uracil (U). Of the 64 possible codon sequences, 61 specify the 20 amino acids that make up proteins and three are stop signals.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are 64 possible permutations, or combinations, of three-letter nucleotide sequences that can be made from the four nucleotides. Of these 64 codons, 61 represent amino acids, and three are stop signals.

Detailed explanation-3: -A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals). There are 64 different codons: 61 specify amino acids and 3 are used as stop signals.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because DNA consists of four different bases, and because there are three bases in a codon, and because 4 * 4 * 4 = 64, there are 64 possible patterns for a codon. Since there are only 20 possible amino acids, this means that there is some redundancy–several different codons can encode for the same amino acid.

Detailed explanation-5: -Complete answer: This is because one of the features of genetic codes is degeneracy. 3)Out of 64 codon combinations, only 61 codons code for amino acids, the rest 3 codons are ‘stop’ codons and they do not code for any amino acids. The stop codons are given by sequences UAA, UAG, and UGA.