AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So a DNA sequence of 12 nucleotides will produce an RNA sequence which also has 12 nucleotides. Note: A codon is like a three letter word in the language of molecular biology. Three nucleotides of RNA are one codon. Since codons do not overlap, a sequence of 12 nucleotides will contain 4 codons.

Detailed explanation-2: -The code: codons. In a DNA sequence, the code for each of the 20 naturally-occurring amino acids consists of a sequence of three nucleotide bases, which we’ll just refer to with three “letters, ” like ATG, or CCC. Recall that A = adenine, C = cytosine, T = thymine (or U = uracil in RNA), and G = guanine.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hidden within the genetic code lies the “triplet code, ” a series of three nucleotides that determine a single amino acid.

Detailed explanation-4: -We know that 1 codon gives us 1 amino acid, and 1 codon is made of 3 nucleotide. Thus for 12 nucleotides, 12 codon is required thus 12 X 3 = 36 nucleotides is required for making a polypeptide of 12 amino acids.

Detailed explanation-5: -A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals). There are 64 different codons: 61 specify amino acids and 3 are used as stop signals.