AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The central enzyme involved is DNA polymerase, which catalyzes the joining of deoxyribonucleoside 5′-triphosphates (dNTPs) to form the growing DNA chain. However, DNA replication is much more complex than a single enzymatic reaction.

Detailed explanation-2: -The enzyme that synthesizes DNA, DNA polymerase, can only add nucleotides to an already existing strand or primer of DNA or RNA that is base paired with the template. An enzyme, DNA polymerase, is required for the covalent joining of the incoming nucleotide to the primer.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA polymerases-synthesize new DNA molecules by adding nucleotides to leading and lagging DNA strands. Topoisomerase or DNA Gyrase-unwinds and rewinds DNA strands to prevent the DNA from becoming tangled or supercoiled. Exonucleases-group of enzymes that remove nucleotide bases from the end of a DNA chain.