AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The above statement is a true statement. The translation of mRNA occurs when the ribosome reads the mRNA in groups of three bases, referred to as codons, in the cytoplasm. Each group of three bases on mRNA corresponds to one amino acid that will get placed in the growing polypeptide chain.

Detailed explanation-2: -The mRNA then carries the genetic information from the DNA to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. During translation, proteins are made using the information stored in the mRNA sequence. The mRNA attaches to a structure called a ribosome that can read the genetic information.

Detailed explanation-3: -During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -The protein synthesis or translation takes place when the sequence of nucleotides present in the mRNA is translated or decoded into specific amino acids. Thus, mRNA is directly involved in the translation process.

Detailed explanation-5: -So, the correct option is ‘Production of mRNA’.