THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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A gene mutation affects the DNA of more genes than a chromosomal mutation.
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A gene mutation can involve a insertion or deletion, but cannot result in a frameshift.
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A chromosomal mutation can change the number of chromosomes in a cell.
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A chromosomal mutation is more likely to be passed on to offspring or daughter cells.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Chromosome mutations can result in changes in the number of chromosomes in a cell or changes in the structure of a chromosome. Unlike a gene mutation which alters a single gene or larger segment of DNA on a chromosome, chromosome mutations change and impact the entire chromosome.
Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic mutations include substitutions, insertions, or deletions, while chromosomal mutations include duplications, deletions, or inversions. Spontaneous mutations occur as mistakes in copying DNA, while induced mutations are caused by external factors like radiation or chemicals.
Detailed explanation-3: -What is the difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation? A gene mutation affects a single gene, and is usually caused by a replication error. A chromosomal mutation affects part or all of a chromosome, and is usually caused by an error in meiosis.
Detailed explanation-4: -A gain or loss in the number of chromosomes from the normal 46 is called aneuploidy. A common form of aneuploidy is trisomy, or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells.
Detailed explanation-5: -Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person’s genes.