AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-2: -The instructions for protein synthesis come from DNA. DNA is the genetic code of the cell and holds all the instructions for cell structure and function. The information in DNA is coded in the form of groups of three nucleotides, called codons. Each codon codes for one amino acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -The role of mRNA is to carry protein information from the DNA in a cell’s nucleus to the cell’s cytoplasm (watery interior), where the protein-making machinery reads the mRNA sequence and translates each three-base codon into its corresponding amino acid in a growing protein chain.

Detailed explanation-4: -RNA has three main roles in the cell: It carries the instructions from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes where proteins are made in the cytoplasm of the cell. RNA picks up specific amino acids from the cytoplasm of the cell and delivers them to the ribosomes where protein synthesis takes place.

Detailed explanation-5: -Transcription happens in the nucleus of the cell. During transcription, a strand of mRNA is made that is complementary to a strand of DNA called a gene. A gene can easily be identified from the DNA sequence.