AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -For example, proteins are composed of monomers called amino acids. They are linked together to form a polypeptide chain, which folds into a three dimensional (3D) structure to constitute a functional protein (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -The name “amino acid” is derived from the amino group and carboxyl-acid-group in their basic structure. There are 21 amino acids present in proteins, each with a specific R group or side chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Amino acids do not have single monomers. They are basic compounds bound to the same molecule, with an amino group and a group of carboxylic acids. Instead, amino acids are monomers of proteins, long chains of amino acids that are bound together by amide bonds.

Detailed explanation-4: -Amino acids are known as protein monomers. They join a large number and connect through peptide bonds, which construct polypeptide chains. Large proteins are formed when two or more polypeptide chains are joined together. The sequence of amino acids decides the function and structure of a protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -Monomers are atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers. There are four main types of monomer, including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides.