AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place in the nucleus in 3 steps-initiation, elongation and termination using the RNA polymerases. In prokaryotic cells, the RNA polymerase can bind with the DNA directly.

Detailed explanation-2: -The eukaryotic nucleus therefore provides a distinct compartment within the cell, allowing transcription and splicing to proceed prior to the beginning of translation. Thus, in eukaryotes, while transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-3: -Eukaryotic transcription is carried out in the nucleus of the cell by one of three RNA polymerases, depending on the RNA being transcribed, and proceeds in three sequential stages: Initiation. Elongation. Termination.

Detailed explanation-4: -Transcription occurs in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm in eukaryotes because eukaryotes store the DNA in the nucleus. In prokaryotes, there is no nucleus and the DNA is in the cytoplasm. Thus, transcription can occur in the cytoplasm as well.

Detailed explanation-5: -During transcription, a piece of DNA that codes for a specific gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus of the cell. The mRNA then carries the genetic information from the DNA to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs.