AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While a mutation is defined as any alteration in the DNA sequence, biologists use the term “single nucleotide polymorphism” (SNP) to refer to a single base pair alteration that is common in the population.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule. As such, the nucleotide sequences found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are three types of DNA Mutations: base substitutions, deletions and insertions. Single base substitutions are called point mutations, recall the point mutation Glu—–> Val which causes sickle-cell disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mutations can be of many types, such as substitution, deletion, insertion, and translocation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Point Mutation A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.