AP BIOLOGY

THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
what is a gene mutation that occurs when one mutation is substituted for another nucleotide?
A
frameshift
B
substitution
C
deletion
D
inversion
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Missense: A missense variant is a type of substitution in which the nucleotide change results in the replacement of one protein building block (amino acid) with another in the protein made from the gene.

Detailed explanation-2: -Base substitution Base substitutions are the simplest type of gene-level mutation, and they involve the swapping of one nucleotide for another during DNA replication.

Detailed explanation-3: -Transversion: when a purine is substituted for a pyrimidine or a pyrimidine replaces a purine. Point mutations that occur in DNA sequences encoding proteins are either silent, missense or nonsense.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substitution mutations can be good, bad, or have no effect. They cause three specific types of point mutation: silent, missense, and nonsense mutations. A silent mutation is one where the function of the protein is not changed. A missense mutation codes for the wrong protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are two types of point mutations: transition mutations and transversion mutations. Transition mutations occur when a pyrimidine base (i.e., thymine [T] or cytosine [C]) substitutes for another pyrimidine base or when a purine base (i.e., adenine [A] or guanine [G]) substitutes for another purine base.

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