AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nucleotides in DNA contain four different nitrogenous bases: Thymine, Cytosine, Adenine, or Guanine. There are two groups of bases: Pyrimidines: Cytosine and Thymine each have a single six-member ring.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are only 4 nucleotides in DNA, Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), and Cystosine (C). The chemical structures of Thymine and Cytosine are smaller, while those of Adenine and Guanine are larger.

Detailed explanation-3: -These nucleotides differ in the number of inorganic phosphate groups phosphorylated to the ribose, which can vary from one to three. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contains three phosphate groups, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) two and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) one (Figure 3.7).

Detailed explanation-4: -Every DNA nucleotide is composed of a sugar molecule called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Differences in the structure of the nitrogenous base are what distinguish the nucleotides. DNA is comprised of adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).

Detailed explanation-5: -The Four Bases Cytosine pairs with guanine, and adenine pairs with thymine. These are the base pairing rules that allow DNA replication and protein synthesis to happen. A and T are connected by two hydrogen bonds, while C and G are connected by three hydrogen bonds.