AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A frameshift variant occurs when there is an addition or loss of nucleotides that shifts the grouping and changes the code for all downstream amino acids. The resulting protein is usually nonfunctional. Insertions, deletions, and duplications can all be frameshift variants.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: A frameshift mutation is one that will most likely cause a change in the protein’s structure and function.

Detailed explanation-3: -1). Because an insertion or deletion results in a frame-shift that changes the reading of subsequent codons and, therefore, alters the entire amino acid sequence that follows the mutation, insertions and deletions are usually more harmful than a substitution in which only a single amino acid is altered.

Detailed explanation-4: -The answer is A, frameshift mutation. In a frameshift mutation, the reading frame changes due to insertions or deletions of nucleotides. As a result, the amino acid sequence downstream of the insertion/deletion differs compared to the wild-type polypeptide sequence. Therefore, multiple amino acids in a protein change.

Detailed explanation-5: -A frameshift mutation would have a greater effect because it’s concerning the amount of genes in the protein, which would then affect the sequence of the amino acids.