AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use.

Detailed explanation-2: -The nucleus is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell’s chromosomes and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis occurs.

Detailed explanation-3: -The cell body (also called the soma) is the spherical part of a neuron that houses the nucleus. It also contains all the other organelles essential for cell survival and plays a key role in supplying energy, proteins, and other materials to the axon.

Detailed explanation-4: -Our DNA, including all of our genes, is stored in chromosomes, structures where proteins wind up DNA tightly so that it fits in the nucleus. Humans typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes in our cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Genetic information that codes for ribosomes is found on the nucleolus. Recall that the nucleolus is a specialized structure found inside the nucleus that functions to assemble ribosomes from proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The DNA that encodes for rRNA is on the nucleolus or in the vicinity of the nucleolus.