AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Peptide bonds and disulfide bonds form the primary structure of proteins. The amino acids in polypeptides are held together bypeptide bonds. Adipeptide is formed by a reaction between the -carboxyl and -amino groups of two amino acids.

Detailed explanation-2: -Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a pleated sheet, two or more segments of a polypeptide chain line up next to each other, forming a sheet-like structure held together by hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen bonds form between carbonyl and amino groups of backbone, while the R groups extend above and below the plane of the sheet 3.

Detailed explanation-4: -Amino acids are held together by an amide bond, which is also called the peptide bond. Each amino acid has an amine group attached to an alpha carbon that is also attached to a carboxylic acid group.