AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -change a codon to one that encodes the same amino acid and causes no change in the protein produced. These are called silent mutations.

Detailed explanation-2: -Silent mutations are base substitutions that result in no change of the amino acid or amino acid functionality when the altered messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated. For example, if the codon AAA is altered to become AAG, the same amino acid – lysine – will be incorporated into the peptide chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Silent mutations occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene’s protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -Silent: If abase substitution occurs in the third position of the codon there is a good chance that a synonymous codon will be generated. Thus the amino acid sequence encoded by the gene is not changed and the mutation is said to be silent.

Detailed explanation-5: -A silent mutation of a DNA sequence is more likely to occur when a change in the DNA sequence inside a protein-coding region of a gene has no effect on the amino acid sequence that makes up the protein. This alteration often occurs at the codon’s third position, commonly known as the wobble location.