THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The DNA strand would not untwist to begin DNA replication.
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The completed new strands of DNA would not be able to separate.
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Strands of messenger RNA would not be produced in transcription.
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New nucleotides would not be added to the newly separated strands.
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Detailed explanation-1: -If the DNA polymerase did nothing special when a mispairing occurred between an incoming deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate and the DNA template, the wrong nucleotide would often be incorporated into the new DNA chain, producing frequent mutations.
Detailed explanation-2: -What would be the result of a mistake in protein synthesis that resulted in a defective DNA polymerase molecule? New nucleotides would not be added to the separated parent strands.
Detailed explanation-3: -Errors in protein synthesis disrupt cellular fitness, cause disease phenotypes, and shape gene and genome evolution.
Detailed explanation-4: -An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly. A deletion changes the DNA sequence by removing at least one nucleotide in a gene.
Detailed explanation-5: -Again, most of these spontaneous errors are corrected by DNA repair processes. But if this does not occur, a nucleotide that is added to the newly synthesized strand can become a permanent mutation.