THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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mRNA
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ribosome
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DNA
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RNA polymerase
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Detailed explanation-1: -The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Detailed explanation-2: -During transcription, a piece of DNA that codes for a specific gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus of the cell. The mRNA then carries the genetic information from the DNA to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs.
Detailed explanation-3: -The role of mRNA is to carry protein information from the DNA in a cell’s nucleus to the cell’s cytoplasm (watery interior), where the protein-making machinery reads the mRNA sequence and translates each three-base codon into its corresponding amino acid in a growing protein chain.
Detailed explanation-4: -mRNA molecules move to the surface of the ribosomes, carrying instructions from the genes in the nucleus about the protein which needs to be synthesised. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the most common form of RNA found in cells – it makes up around 50% of the structure of the ribosomes.
Detailed explanation-5: -Each mRNA carries instructions to make a specific protein. These instructions are like a “blueprint.” mRNA delivers these instructions, and cells put the protein together.