THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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RNA polymerase binds to DNA and unwinds a segment of it.
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DNA winds again as the gene is transcribed.
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RNA polmerase uses one strand of DNA as a template from which nucleotides are added using base pairing rules.
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The RNA strand detaches from the DNA once the gene is transcribed and travels to the ribosome.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand. RNA polymerase reads the unwound DNA strand and builds the mRNA molecule, using complementary base pairs.
Detailed explanation-2: -In the second step, the 3’ splice site is cut, and the two exons are joined together, and the intron is released.
Detailed explanation-3: -Transcription has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. In eukaryotes, RNA molecules must be processed after transcription: they are spliced and have a 5’ cap and poly-A tail put on their ends. Transcription is controlled separately for each gene in your genome.
Detailed explanation-4: -The major steps of transcription are initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination.
Detailed explanation-5: -The first step in transcription is initiation, when the RNA pol binds to the DNA upstream (5′) of the gene at a specialized sequence called a promoter (Figure 2a). In bacteria, promoters are usually composed of three sequence elements, whereas in eukaryotes, there are as many as seven elements.