AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct option is ‘A missense substitution’

Detailed explanation-2: -The correct answer is (c) substitution. A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide is exchanged for another in the DNA sequence. This would not shift the gene sequence forward or backward, and so a maximum of one amino acid would be altered in the protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Silent mutations are least likely to affect protein function. Missense mutations are often difficult to predict. If the change is to a similar amino acid or in a non-critical amino acid, the mutation protein may continue to function.

Detailed explanation-4: -Silent mutations occur when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene’s protein.