THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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AUG
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UGG
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UGA
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UCA
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Detailed explanation-1: -The tRNA binds to the mRNA close to the 5′-cap and begins to scan the 5′-untranslated (5′-UTR) region of the mRNA until the correct start codon, AUG, has been found. Upon binding, the ribosome is in a scanning-promoting conformation induced by eIF1 and eIF1A, referred to as the open conformation (3).
Detailed explanation-2: -Getting started: Initiation In initiation, the ribosome assembles around the mRNA to be read and the first tRNA (carrying the amino acid methionine, which matches the start codon, AUG). This setup, called the initiation complex, is needed in order for translation to get started.
Detailed explanation-3: -The rational design of theoretical minimal RNA rings predetermines AUG as the universal start codon. This design maximizes coded amino acid diversity over minimal sequence length, defining in silico theoretical minimal RNA rings, candidate ancestral genes.
Detailed explanation-4: -Each three-letter sequence of mRNA nucleotides corresponds to a specific amino acid, or to a stop codon. UGA, UAA, and UAG are stop codons. AUG is the codon for methionine, and is also the start codon.