AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The process by which the mRNA codes for a particular protein is known as Translation. In the process, the ribosome translates the mRNA produced from DNA into a chain of specific amino acids. This chain of amino acids leads to protein synthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -This process is called protein synthesis, and it actually consists of two processes-transcription and translation . In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the nucleus . During transcription, DNA is used as a template to make a molecule of messenger RNA ( mRNA ).

Detailed explanation-3: -During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. During initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the start of the mRNA sequence.

Detailed explanation-5: -The process by which mRNA is synthesized on DNA template is called transcription. The genetic message in mRNA is later on translated into sequence of amino acids in proteins.