AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Gene. A segment of a DNA molecule (a sequence of bases) that codes for a particular protein and determines the traits (phenotype) of the individual. A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism.

Detailed explanation-2: -The coding segments are called exons; the noncoding ones are called introns.

Detailed explanation-3: -Phenotype Phenotype refers to an individual’s observable traits, such as height, eye color and blood type. A person’s phenotype is determined by both their genomic makeup (genotype) and environmental factors.

Detailed explanation-4: -(jeen) The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child. Genes are made up of sequences of DNA and are arranged, one after another, at specific locations on chromosomes in the nucleus of cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -A gene is a stretch of DNA that contains the instructions for making or regulating a specific protein. Genes that make proteins are called protein-coding genes. In order to make a protein, a molecule closely related to DNA called ribonucleic acid (RNA) first copies the code within DNA.