AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The four bases of RNA form a language with just four nucleotide bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U). The genetic code is read in three-base words called codons. Each codon corresponds to a single amino acid (or signals the starting and stopping points of a sequence).

Detailed explanation-2: -Codons. Cells decode mRNAs by reading their nucleotides in groups of three, called codons.

Detailed explanation-3: -The tRNA “reads” the mRNA codon by using its own anticodon. The actual “reading” is done by matching the base pairs through hydrogen bonding following the base pairing principle. Each codon is “read” by various tRNA’s until the appropriate match of the anticodon with the codon occurs.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the protein-coding region of a gene, the DNA sequence is interpreted in groups of three nucleotide bases, called codons. Each codon specifies a single amino acid in a protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA and RNA molecules are written in a language of four nucleotides; meanwhile, the language of proteins includes 20 amino acids. Codons provide the key that allows these two languages to be translated into each other.