AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Taken in 1952, this image is the first X-ray picture of DNA, which led to the discovery of its molecular structure by Watson and Crick. Created by Rosalind Franklin using a technique called X-ray crystallography, it revealed the helical shape of the DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -Photo 51 is one of the world’s most important photographs, demonstrating the double-helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid: the molecule containing the genetic instructions for the development of all living organisms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Photo 51, a clear X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA, showed structural features of DNA necessary for scientific understanding of DNA´s three-dimensional structure. By understanding DNA structure, scientists could learn about how DNA functioned as genetic material.

Detailed explanation-4: -Photograph 51 Working with graduate student Raymond Gosling, Franklin took numerous x-ray diffraction photos of DNA fibers using a fine-focus X-ray tube and micro camera that she refined. One of the duo’s first discoveries was how DNA had two forms which both produced different pictures.

Detailed explanation-5: -Photo 51 is an X-ray based fiber diffraction image of a paracrystalline gel composed of DNA fiber taken by Raymond Gosling, a graduate student working under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin in May 1952 at King’s College London, while working in Sir John Randall’s group.