AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During DNA replication, the single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) wraps single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with high affinity to protect it from degradation and prevent secondary structure formation. Although SSB binds ssDNA tightly, it can be repositioned along ssDNA to follow the advancement of the replication fork.

Detailed explanation-2: -As single-stranded DNA binding proteins are utilized in some of the most important aspects of DNA metabolism, they are used extensively in DNA replication, repair and recombination. Most SSBs use one or more subunits with an OB-fold motif to bind securely and preferentially to ssDNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -To unwind DNA, helicase first binds to DNA and then cleaves the hydrogen bonds connecting base pairs to separate the strands of the helix.

Detailed explanation-4: -Role of single-stranded DNA in sequencing DNA sequencing provides a glimpse into the genome and allows identification of genes and mutations. SsDNA plays an important role in DNA sequencing. In high-throughput sequencing, the sample dsDNA is processed and fragmented.

Detailed explanation-5: -Single-strand DNA-binding protein (SSB) is a protein found in Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, that binds to single-stranded regions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Single-stranded DNA is produced during all aspects of DNA metabolism: replication, recombination, and repair.