AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Because of its 5′ to 3′ exonuclease activity, DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and fills the gaps between Okazaki fragments with DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primer and fills in the gaps with DNA. However, DNA polymerase I cannot catalyze the reaction to remove the nicks. Another enzyme, DNA ligase, seals the nicks by forming the phosphodiester bond, thus generating a continuous sugar-phosphate backbone for the lagging strand.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA polymerase I of eubacteria functions in vivo to synthesize short stretches of DNA during excision repair and to remove RNA primers and fill the gaps between Okazaki fragments in lagging strand replication.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA polymerase is responsible for the process of DNA replication, during which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. Scientists have taken advantage of the power of DNA polymerase molecules to copy DNA molecules in test tubes via polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA polymerase 3 is the main enzyme catalysing the 5’