THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA REPLICATION
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
Nucleus-forms peptide bonds
|
|
|
Ribosome-carries DNA instructions
|
|
|
mRNA-joins amino acids
|
|
|
tRNA-transfers amino acids
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Each time an amino acid is added to the chain, a specific tRNA pairs with its complementary sequence on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the protein being synthesized.
Detailed explanation-2: -Each time an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis, a tRNA anticodon pairs with its complementary codon on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide.
Detailed explanation-3: -A tRNA with the complementary anticodon is attracted to the ribosome and binds to this codon. The tRNA carries the next amino acid in the polypeptide chain. The first tRNA transfers its amino acid to the amino acid on the newly arrived tRNA, and a chemical bond is made between the two amino acids.
Detailed explanation-4: -tRNAs are important players in the protein synthesis pathway, linking the genetic code with the amino acid sequence of proteins. tRNAs are composed of 73–90 nucleotides and have a characteristic cloverleaf secondary structure made up of the D-loop, T loop, variable loop, and the anticodon loop.
Detailed explanation-5: -transfer RNA (tRNA), small molecule in cells that carries amino acids to organelles called ribosomes, where they are linked into proteins.