THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
GENE MUTATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The structure of one or more proteins produced by the organism.
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The overall health of the organism throughout its life span.
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The ability of the organism to survive in its environment.
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The number of chromosomes within each cell of the body.
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Detailed explanation-1: -A genetic mutation will most immediately affect which of the following? The structure of one or more proteins produced by the organism. The overall health of the organism throughout its life span.
Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations change the DNA and thus also the mRNA. Sometimes, mutations cause no change to the protein product, and other times they do change the amino acid sequence, or even prevent the protein from being made entirely. The reason that mutations can have different effects is due to the redundancy of the genetic code.
Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: (e) Insertion of one nucleotide is most likely to drastically affect a protein’s sequence. Insertion/deletion of any number of nucleotide/s (except in the multiple of three) will result in the mutation refer to as a frame-shift mutation.
Detailed explanation-4: -The majority of mutations are neutral in their effects on the organisms in which they occur. Beneficial mutations may become more common through natural selection. Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer.
Detailed explanation-5: -Mutations caused by insertion or deletion of nitrogenous bases in the DNA sequence leads to the most damage to DNA since it completely changes the reading frame for the process of protein synthesis. Insertion or deletion that results in frameshift mutation are considered as the most damaging mutation.