AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An inversion occurs when a chromosome breaks in two places and the region between the break rotates 180° before rejoining with the two end fragments.

Detailed explanation-2: -Translocations. A translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This type of rearrangement is described as balanced if no genetic material is gained or lost in the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -One well known example of an inversion mutation in humans is hemophilia, a disease that inhibits the ability of blood to clot. Researchers discovered the gene responsible for hemophilia years ago, but also found that DNA from a person with hemophilia had the same genetic makeup as a person without the disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -(in-VER-zhun) A chromosomal defect in which a segment of the chromosome breaks off and reattaches in the reverse direction.

Detailed explanation-5: -Translocation. Translocation involves two homologous chromosomes and occurs where a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches to the other non-homologous chromosome.