AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Missense: A missense variant is a type of substitution in which the nucleotide change results in the replacement of one protein building block (amino acid) with another in the protein made from the gene. The amino acid change may alter the function of the protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -(MIS-sens myoo-TAY-shun) A genetic alteration in which a single base pair substitution alters the genetic code in a way that produces an amino acid that is different from the usual amino acid at that position. Some missense variants (or mutations) will alter the function of the protein. Also called missense variant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Substitution mutations just switch out one or more bases for different ones. Substitution mutations can cause many kinds of mutations. Some of these include nonsense, missense, and silent mutations. All of these depend on whether or not the new base codes for an amino acid different than the original.

Detailed explanation-4: -A missense mutation is a mistake in the DNA that results in the integration of an undesirable amino acid into a protein as a result of changing a single nucleotide in the DNA. The finest example of a missense alteration is a pallor known as sickle cell anaemia.

Detailed explanation-5: -Missense codons (missense mutations): A change in a single amino acid that results from a point mutation in the DNA sequence. Nonsense codons (nonsense mutations): The conversion of a codon from one that encodes an amino acid to one that acts as a stop codon due to a point mutation in the DNA sequence.