AP BIOLOGY

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THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

GENE MUTATION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Errors during DNA replication, repair or recombination can lead to base-pair substitutions. Such changes are called ____
A
A. conditional mutations.
B
A. mutagens.
C
spontaneous mutations
D
A. saltatory changes.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Extremely inaccurate DNA replication can lead to a rapid accumulation of mutations that disrupts cellular processes needed for viability and extinguish clonal populations of cells within several generations [3, 4].

Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations result either from errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation, which react with DNA and change the structures of individual nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-3: -Spontaneous mutations are derived from various sources, including errors made during replication of undamaged template DNA, mutagenic nucleotide substrates, and endogenous DNA lesions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Slipped strand mispairing-Denaturation of the new strand from the template during replication, followed by renaturation in a different spot ("slipping"). This can lead to insertions or deletions.

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