AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic variations can arise from gene variants (also called mutations) or from a normal process in which genetic material is rearranged as a cell is getting ready to divide (known as genetic recombination). Genetic variations that alter gene activity or protein function can introduce different traits in an organism.

Detailed explanation-2: -An organism’s DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology. So a change in an organism’s DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life. Mutations are essential to evolution; they are the raw material of genetic variation. Without mutation, evolution could not occur.

Detailed explanation-3: -“We always thought of mutation as basically random across the genome, ” said Grey Monroe, an assistant professor in the UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences who is lead author on the paper. “It turns out that mutation is very non-random and it’s non-random in a way that benefits the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Random mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that occur without pattern and introduce new variation into a population. There are three causes of random mutations in DNA: Base substitutions, also called point mutations, occur when a single base in the DNA is changed.