AP BIOLOGY

THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

GENE MUTATION

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Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]

Ultraviolet light often causes which type of mutation?

A	Missense mutation
B	Pyrimidine Dimers
C	Methylated DNA
D	Cancer

Explanation:

Detailed explanation-1: -Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the most common environmental carcinogen that leads to skin cancer in humans. UV causes the formation of pyrimidine dimers, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6–4) photoproducts [(6–4)PPs] between adjacent bases in DNA (Fig.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pyrimidine dimers are molecular lesions formed from thymine or cytosine bases in DNA via photochemical reactions, commonly associated with direct DNA damage.

Detailed explanation-3: -UVB radiation (290–320 nm), the most energetic mutagenic and carcinogenic component of solar radiation, is directly absorbed by DNA, giving rise to dimeric photoproducts between adjacent pyrimidine bases.

Detailed explanation-4: -Main Types of UV-Induced Mutations UV damage occurs via two distinct types of mutations: dimerizing and oxidative.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers CPDs are the most abundant DNA lesions produced after DNA exposure to ultraviolet light.

There is 1 question to complete.