AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -homopolymer tailing is the way for the ligation of blunt ended DNA fragments. tailing involves using an enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transderase. this enzyme will repeadly add nucleotide to the 3‘ end of the double stranded DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -On the other hand, in case of homopolymer tailing, blunt ended DNA fragments are ligated with the help of enzymes such as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. In this process, a nucleotide is repeatedly added to the 3 Prime ends of double-stranded DNA molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Terminal transferase (TdT) is a template independent polymerase that catalyzes the addition of deoxynucleotides to the 3’ hydroxyl terminus of DNA molecules. Protruding, recessed or blunt-ended double or single-stranded DNA molecules serve as a substrate for TdT.

Detailed explanation-4: -Purpose: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT) is a DNA polymerase that is present in immature pre-B and pre-T cells. TdT inserts N-nucleotides to the V (D) J gene segment during rearrangements of genes, therefore, it plays a vital role in the development and variation of the immune system in vertebrates.