AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ligase, an enzyme that uses ATP to form bonds, is used in recombinant DNA cloning to join restriction endonuclease fragments that have annealed.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA ligase works by forming two covalent phosphodiester bonds between the 3′ hydroxyl end of one nucleotide (acceptor) and the 5′ phosphate end of another (donor).

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA ligases catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent 5′P and 3′OH ends in the backbone of double-stranded DNA and have a conserved core structure comprising the catalytic adenylation (AD) domain and an oligonucleotide-binding (OB) domain joined by a flexible linker region (1).