AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A peptide bond is a chemical covalent bond that joins amino acids together to form proteins. A peptide bond occurs between a carbon atom of one amino acid with a nitrogen atom of the other amino acid by removing a hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom to form a molecule of water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cysteine is an amino acid that basically has a thiol side chain (SH). Therefore, two cysteine residues within a protein interact with each other’s thiol group. As a result, disulphide bond formation occurs (S-S). This process occurs by oxidation. A disulphide bond is basically a type of covalent bond.

Detailed explanation-3: -Definition. A disulfide bond is a covalent bond between two sulfur atoms (–S–S–) formed by the coupling of two thiol (–SH) groups. Cysteine, one of 20 protein amino acids, has a –SH group in its side chain, and can easily be dimereized to cystine in aqueous solution by forming a disulfide bond.

Detailed explanation-4: -’Disulphide bonds are one of the strongest naturally-occurring bonds in nature. ‘ The protein structures of the hair shaft are held together by chemical bonds called disulphide and hydrogen bonds.