AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As tRNAs enter slots in the ribosome and bind to codons, their amino acids are linked to the growing polypeptide chain in a chemical reaction. The end result is a polypeptide whose amino acid sequence mirrors the sequence of codons in the mRNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -The amino acid sequence is the final result of translation, and is known as a polypeptide. Polypeptides can then undergo folding to become functional proteins. All enzymes are proteins, but not all proteins go on to become enzymes; some serve other functions.

Detailed explanation-3: -During translation, these tRNAs carry amino acids to the ribosome and join with their complementary codons. Then, the assembled amino acids are joined together as the ribosome, with its resident rRNAs, moves along the mRNA molecule in a ratchet-like motion.

Detailed explanation-4: -The result of protein synthesis is a chain of amino acids that have been attached, link by link, in a specific order. This chain is called a polymer or polypeptide and is constructed according to a DNA-based code.

Detailed explanation-5: -1) The anticodon of an incoming tRNA pairs with the mRNA codon exposed in the A site. 2) A peptide bond is formed between the new amino acid (in the A site) and the previously-added amino acid (in the P site), transferring the polypeptide from the P site to the A site. 3) The ribosome moves one codon down on the mRNA.