AP BIOLOGY

THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE

THE GENETICS OF VIRUSES AND BACTERIA

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A couple who are both carriers for the gene for cystic fibrosis have two children who have cystic fibrosis. What is the probability that their next child will have cystic fibrosis?
A
0%
B
25%
C
50%
D
75%
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -If you are both carriers, each pregnancy will have a 1 in 4, or 25 percent chance of being affected with cystic fibrosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Once parents have had a child with CF, they have a 1 in 4 chance that each additional child will be born with CF. This means there is a 3 out of 4 chance that additional children won’t have CF. But these children may be carriers of the CF gene. Most often a family has no history of CF.

Detailed explanation-3: -Frequency. Cystic fibrosis is a common genetic disease within the white population in the United States. The disease occurs in 1 in 2, 500 to 3, 500 white newborns. Cystic fibrosis is less common in other ethnic groups, affecting about 1 in 17, 000 African Americans and 1 in 31, 000 Asian Americans.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cystic fibrosis is inherited. This means it is passed down from parent to child through the genes. Your baby inherited a normal CF gene (N) from one parent, and a mutation of a CF gene (C) from the other parent. This means at least one parent (mother or father) is also a CF carrier.

Detailed explanation-5: -For someone to be born with CF, both parents must carry the faulty gene. If both parents have the gene, there is a 25% chance the child will have CF. If both parents carry the gene there is also a 50% chance of the child being a gene carrier but not having CF and a 25% chance they will not have the CF gene.

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