AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In fact, Archaea and Eukarya form a monophyletic group, not Archaea and Bacteria. These relationships indicate that archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria, even though superficially archaea appear to be much more similar to bacteria than eukaryotes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Both can carry out asexual reproduction. Translation and transcription that occurs in Archaea is similar to that that occurs in Eukaryota (the one in bacteria is unique). DNA replication in Archaea is similar to that in Eukarya.

Detailed explanation-3: -Both Bacteria and Archaea encode only a single RNAP that is responsible for transcription of the entire genome, while Eukarya encode several RNAPs with specialized activities that generate gene-family specific transcripts [30. Biochemistry, RNA polymerase. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2020.

Detailed explanation-4: -Like archaea, bacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular (single-celled) organisms. Although capable of living in a variety of habitats, including some with extreme conditions, bacteria are generally more limited by the types of environments in which they can survive and reproduce.

Detailed explanation-5: -Archaea and bacteria have generally similar cell structure, but cell composition and organization set the archaea apart. Like bacteria, archaea lack interior membranes and organelles. Like bacteria, the cell membranes of archaea are usually bounded by a cell wall and they swim using one or more flagella.