AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In 2021, scientists reported sequencing the complete female genome (i.e., without the Y chromosome). This sequence identified 19, 969 protein-coding sequences, accounting for approximately 1.5% of the genome, and 63, 494 genes in total, most of them being non-coding RNA genes.

Detailed explanation-2: -An international research effort called the Human Genome Project, which worked to determine the sequence of the human genome and identify the genes that it contains, estimated that humans have between 20, 000 and 25, 000 genes. Every person has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent.

Detailed explanation-3: -The human genome contains roughly 3 billion nucleotides and just under 20, 000 protein-coding genes – an estimated 1% of the genome’s total length. The remaining 99% is non-coding DNA sequences that don’t produce proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 20 likely contains 500 to 600 genes that provide instructions for making proteins.