THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
THE HUMAN GENOME
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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By using similar restriction enzymes that produce complementary sticky ends
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By using ECORI enzymes in humans and BAMHI in bacteria
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By using gel electrophoresis
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By using ligase enzymes
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Detailed explanation-1: -Bacteria protect their DNA by modifying their own recognition sequences, usually by adding methyl (CH3) molecules to nucleotides in the recognition sequences and then relying on the restriction enzymes’ capacity to recognize and cleave only unmethylated recognition sequences.
Detailed explanation-2: -The sticky ends allow the insertion of foreign DNA into the genome of the host. This process involves the cutting of the plasmid at the same restriction enzymes and producing sticky ends. This property of the sticky strands allows the insertion of required DNA molecules.
Detailed explanation-3: -Many restriction enzymes make staggered cuts at or near their recognition sites, producing ends with a single-stranded overhang. If two DNA molecules have matching ends, they can be joined by the enzyme DNA ligase. DNA ligase seals the gap between the molecules, forming a single piece of DNA.
Detailed explanation-4: -In the laboratory, restriction enzymes (or restriction endonucleases) are used to cut DNA into smaller fragments. The cuts are always made at specific nucleotide sequences. Different restriction enzymes recognise and cut different DNA sequences.