AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nondisjunction is the failure of the chromosomes to separate, which produces daughter cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes. [

Detailed explanation-2: -Nondisjunction, in which chromosomes fail to separate equally, can occur in meiosis I (first row), meiosis II (second row), and mitosis (third row). These unequal separations can produce daughter cells with unexpected chromosome numbers, called aneuploids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nondisjunction in meiosis can result in pregnancy loss or birth of a child with an extra chromosome in all cells, whereas nondisjunction in mitosis will result in mosaicism with two or more cell lines. Aneuploidy may also result from anaphase lag.

Detailed explanation-4: -During anaphase 1 chromosome separate and go to opposite poles while during anaphase 2 sister chromosomes separate. It is called is disjunction. Sometimes the separation is not normal and it is called non-disjunction.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nondisjunction is defined as the failure of chromosomes or chromatids to segregate during cell division. It leads to daughter cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes, which is known as aneuploidy.