AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation: The IS elements are the most common type of transposons present in the bacterial genome. An inverted repeat of usually 50 bp is the hallmark of such elements present at each end of an insertion sequence.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA transposons, also known as class 2 transposable elements, are flanked at both ends by terminal inverted repeats. The inverted repeats are complements of each other (the repeat at one end is a mirror image of, and composed of complementary nucleotides to, the repeat at the opposing end).

Detailed explanation-3: -Instead of LTRs, non-LTR retrotransposons have short repeats that can have an inverted order of bases next to each other aside from direct repeats found in LTR retrotransposons that is just one sequence of bases repeating itself.

Detailed explanation-4: -Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are short DNA transposons with terminal inverted repeat (TIR) signals and have been extensively studied in plants and other eukaryotes. But little is known about them in eubacteria.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are two essential features for DNA-based transposons. The first is that they contain inverted repeats at either end. The second is that they have a gene which encodes transposase. Transposase is an enzyme that recognizes the inverted repeats and moves the DNA contained within those repeats to a new location.